I summarized the setup of GUI environment on Linux (Ubuntu) in the cloud to enable minimum GUI work (Chrome & Japanese input display & remote desktop) even on a machine with low specs.
Background
- Recently, with the increasing use of web services, it has become possible to work on Linux with a feeling similar to that of Windows, as long as Chrome and Japanese input are available.
- Even when working locally and uploading to a server, if you can work on Linux from the local point, you will have less trouble with the system not working properly when you upload it to the server.
Therefore, we have compiled a method to build a lightweight Linux environment with minimal GUI work so that you can easily work and verify with Linux in the cloud or on a virtual terminal.
OS Installation
install
- Install the latest LTS version of Ubuntu
Update.
sudo apt-get update sudo apt-get upgrade
Time Zone Setting
sudo timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Tokyo
Japanese display and input settings
sudo apt-get -y install language-pack-ja-base language-pack-ja ibus-mozc fcitx fcitx-mozc sudo localectl set-locale LANG=ja_JP.UTF-8 LANGUAGE="ja_JP:ja" source /etc/default/locale
GUI Installation
Set a password
sudo passwd <ログインユーザー名>
Allow SSH login with password
- Open the file "/etc/ssh/sshd_config
- Set "PasswordAuthentication" to "yes
- Save the file
- Restart the ssh service
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
sudo service ssh restart
Install "ubuntu-desktop
sudo apt-get install ubuntu-desktop
Install "mate
sudo apt-get install mate-* sudo apt-get install ubuntu-mate-* echo mate-session > ~/.xsession
Install "xrdp
sudo apt-get install xrdp
sudo update-rc.d -f xrdp defaults
Japanese keyboard setting for "xrdp" & service restart
cd /etc/xrdp sudo wget http://www.mail-archive.com/xrdp-devel@lists.sourceforge.net/msg00263/km-e0010411.ini sudo mv km-e0010411.ini km-0411.ini sudo chmod 644 km-0411.ini sudo ln -s km-0411.ini km-e0010411.ini sudo ln -s km-0411.ini km-e0200411.ini sudo ln -s km-0411.ini km-e0210411.ini sudo service xrdp restart
Remote Desktop Setup
Now you can access Ubuntu by remote desktop. Next, access Ubuntu from Windows via remote desktop.
- Start "Remote Desktop
[Show options].
Computers."
- Set Ubuntu's global IP address
User Name
- Set Ubuntu username
- Set other tabs as appropriate
- You can create a shortcut using "Save As" to save you the trouble of typing it in later.
GUI Settings
You can log in to the Ubuntu GUI environment by accessing it via remote desktop. After logging in, you can customize the GUI.
Japanese input settings
- [System] - [Settings] - [Look & Feel] - [Language Support] and select "fcitx
- [System] - [Settings] - [Fcitx Settings].
- Assign your favorite activation key in the "Fcitx" configuration "Global config" - "Input method on/off" (some keys don't work)
- relogin
Install Chrome
- [Applications] - [Internet] - [Firefox Web Browser]
- Search for "chrome" and download the Chrome file (extension deb) from the search results
- Install Chrome
sudo dpkg -i <ダウンロードしたChromeファイル> google-chrome
- [Applications] - [Internet] - [Google Chrome] will be added
Finally.
Now that the Japanese environment and Chrome are installed, I hope you can work with a minimum of GUI.
- The [Applications] section includes a terminal and file manager, so you can use the GUI to do most of the work you would do in Windows.
- It is possible to improve the response time to some extent by customizing the remote desktop settings, such as changing the background, etc., so it is recommended that you try various settings.
Reference page
- https://forums.ubuntulinux.jp/viewtopic.php?id=13399
- https://aws.amazon.com/jp/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/connect-to-linux-desktop-from-windows/
